A sole proprietorship firm means a type of business entity that is owned, controlled and managed by a single person. The owner of the Business is called Sole Proprietor of the Firm. As the business is run by a natural person, there is no legal difference between the promoter and the business. The promoter himself receives all the profits. Sole Proprietorship firm does not require any formal registration.
The key feature of sole proprietorship firm is that it is very easy to start as there are less legal formalities and lesser formation costs involved.
A proprietorship can undertake any type of business activity that an Indian person can undertake across most sectors and industries. However, there are some activities like banking, insurance, financial services, lending, defence, telecommunication that require specialized approval. In such cases, a company is mandatorily required to obtain various approvals from the Government. Hence, proprietorship business structure only works for business activities that are small scale in nature.
Sole proprietorship does not have any formal incorporation or dissolution process - as its the same as the Proprietor. However, to operate a business, the proprietor may have to obtain certain registrations and licenses to be compliant with the laws and regulations of India.
As most proprietorship are only registered with government departments like Income Tax & GST, the compliance burden will be lower. On the other hand, entities like LLP or Company are registered with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and have to file various statutory returns and be audited by a Chartered Accountant each year.
As there are no partners, shareholders, or directors, the proprietor can easily operate this business with minimal documents and consent requirements. Hence, this type of business structure is best suited for very small businesses.
In a proprietorship, the business owner takes all business decisions. There is no consent or approval required from any other person. Hence, a proprietor can normally take quick decisions regarding his business affairs.
As sole proprietorship is owned only by the proprietor. He/she has complete control over the assets, revenue, expenses and all business operations.
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